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picodrive/platform/common/upscale.h

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/*
* upscale.h image upscaling
*
* This file contains upscalers for picodrive.
*
* scaler types:
* nn: nearest neighbour
* snn: "smoothed" nearest neighbour (see below)
* bln: n-level-bilinear with n quantized weights
* quantization: 0: a<1/2*n, 1/n: 1/2*n<=a<3/2*n, etc
* currently n=2, n=4 are implemented (there's n=8 mixing, but no filters)
* [NB this has been brought to my attn, which is probably the same as bl2:
* https://www.drdobbs.com/image-scaling-with-bresenham/184405045?pgno=1]
*
* "smoothed" nearest neighbour: uses the average of the source pixels if no
* source pixel covers more than 65% of the result pixel. It definitely
* looks better than nearest neighbour and is still quite fast. It creates
* a sharper look than a bilinear filter, at the price of some visible jags
* on diagonal edges.
*
* scaling modes:
* 256x___ -> 320x___ only horizontal scaling. Produces an aspect error of
* ~7% for NTSC 224 line modes, but is correct for PAL
* 256/320x224/240
* -> 320x240 always produces 320x240 at DAR 4:3
* 160x144 -> 320x240 game gear (currently unused)
*
* (C) 2021 kub <derkub@gmail.com>
*/
#include <pico/pico_types.h>
/* RGB565 pixel mixing, see https://www.compuphase.com/graphic/scale3.htm and
http://blargg.8bitalley.com/info/rgb_mixing.html */
/* 2-level mixing */
//#define p_05(p1,p2) (((p1)+(p2) + ( ((p1)^(p2))&0x0821))>>1) // round up
//#define p_05(p1,p2) (((p1)+(p2) - ( ((p1)^(p2))&0x0821))>>1) // round down
#define p_05(p1,p2) (((p1)&(p2)) + ((((p1)^(p2))&~0x0821)>>1))
/* 4-level mixing, 2 times slower */
// 1/4*p1 + 3/4*p2 = 1/2*(1/2*(p1+p2) + p2)
#define p_025(p1,p2) (t=p_05(p1, p2), p_05( t, p2))
#define p_075(p1,p2) p_025(p2,p1)
/* 8-level mixing, 3 times slower */
// 1/8*p1 + 7/8*p2 = 1/2*(1/2*(1/2*(p1+p2) + p2) + p2)
#define p_0125(p1,p2) (t=p_05(p1, p2), u=p_05( t, p2), p_05( u, p2))
// 3/8*p1 + 5/8*p2 = 1/2*(1/2*(1/2*(p1+p2) + p2) + 1/2*(p1+p2))
#define p_0375(p1,p2) (t=p_05(p1, p2), u=p_05( t, p2), p_05( u, t))
#define p_0625(p1,p2) p_0375(p2,p1)
#define p_0875(p1,p2) p_0125(p2,p1)
/* pixel transforms */
#define f_pal(v) pal[v] // convert CLUT index -> RGB565
#define f_nop(v) (v) // source already in dest format (CLUT/RGB)
#define f_or(v) (v|pal) // CLUT, add palette selection
/*
scalers h:
256->320: - (4:5) (256x224/240 -> 320x224/240)
256->299: - (6:7) (256x224 -> 299x224, DAR 4:3, 10.5 px border )
160->320: - (1:2) 2x (160x144 -> 320x240, GG)
160->288: - (5:9) (160x144 -> 288x216, GG alt?)
*/
/* scale 4:5 */
#define h_upscale_nn_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 5) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[1]); \
di[2] = f(si[1]); \
di[3] = f(si[2]); \
di[4] = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w/4*5; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
// reverse version for overlapping buffers
#define rh_upscale_nn_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
di += w/4*5; \
si += w; \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si -= 4, di -= 5) { \
di[-1] = f(si[-1]); \
di[-2] = f(si[-2]); \
di[-3] = f(si[-3]); \
di[-4] = f(si[-3]); \
di[-5] = f(si[-4]); \
} \
di += ds; \
si += ss; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_snn_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 5) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[1]); \
di[2] = p_05(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = f(si[2]); \
di[4] = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w/4*5; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bln_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i, t; \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 5) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = p_025(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = p_05 (f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = p_075(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[4] = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w/4*5; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl2_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 5) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = p_05(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = p_05(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = f(si[2]); \
di[4] = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w/4*5; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl4_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i, t; uint p = f(si[0]); \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 5) { \
di[0] = p_025(p, f(si[0])); \
di[1] = p_05 (f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = p_05 (f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = p_075(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[4] = p = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w/4*5; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl8_4_5(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i, t, u; uint p = f(si[0]); \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 5) { \
di[0] = p_025(p, f(si[0])); \
di[1] = p_0375(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = p_0625(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = p_075(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[4] = p = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w/4*5; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
/* scale 6:7 */
#define h_upscale_nn_6_7(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/6; i > 0; i--, si += 6, di += 7) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[1]); \
di[2] = f(si[2]); \
di[3] = f(si[2]); \
di[4] = f(si[3]); \
di[5] = f(si[4]); \
di[6] = f(si[5]); \
} \
di += ds - w/6*7; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
// reverse version for overlapping buffers
#define rh_upscale_nn_6_7(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
di += w/6*7; \
si += w; \
for (i = w/6; i > 0; i--, si -= 6, di -= 7) { \
di[-1] = f(si[-1]); \
di[-2] = f(si[-2]); \
di[-3] = f(si[-3]); \
di[-4] = f(si[-4]); \
di[-5] = f(si[-4]); \
di[-6] = f(si[-5]); \
di[-7] = f(si[-6]); \
} \
di += ds; \
si += ss; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_snn_6_7(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/6; i > 0; i--, si += 6, di += 7) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[1]); \
di[2] = f(si[2]); \
di[3] = p_05(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[4] = f(si[3]); \
di[5] = f(si[4]); \
di[6] = f(si[5]); \
} \
di += ds - w/6*7; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl2_6_7(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/6; i > 0; i--, si += 6, di += 7) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = p_05(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = p_05(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = p_05(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[4] = p_05(f(si[3]),f(si[4])); \
di[5] = f(si[4]); \
di[6] = f(si[5]); \
} \
di += ds - w/6*7; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl4_6_7(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i, t; uint p = f(si[0]); \
for (i = w/6; i > 0; i--, si += 6, di += 7) { \
di[0] = p_025(p,f(si[0])); \
di[1] = p_025(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = p_05 (f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[3] = p_05 (f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[4] = p_075(f(si[3]),f(si[4])); \
di[5] = p_075(f(si[4]),f(si[5])); \
di[6] = p = f(si[5]); \
} \
di += ds - w/6*7; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
/* scale 5:9 */
#define h_upscale_nn_5_9(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/5; i > 0; i--, si += 5, di += 9) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[0]); \
di[2] = f(si[1]); \
di[3] = f(si[1]); \
di[4] = f(si[2]); \
di[5] = f(si[3]); \
di[6] = f(si[3]); \
di[7] = f(si[4]); \
di[8] = f(si[4]); \
} \
di += ds - w/5*9; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_snn_5_9(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/5; i > 0; i--, si += 5, di += 9) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[0]); \
di[2] = f(si[1]); \
di[3] = p_05(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[4] = f(si[2]); \
di[5] = p_05(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[6] = f(si[3]); \
di[7] = f(si[4]); \
di[8] = f(si[4]); \
} \
di += ds - w/5*9; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl2_5_9(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/5; i > 0; i--, si += 5, di += 9) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = p_05(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[2] = f(si[1]); \
di[3] = p_05(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[4] = f(si[2]); \
di[5] = p_05(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[6] = f(si[3]); \
di[7] = p_05(f(si[3]),f(si[4])); \
di[8] = f(si[4]); \
} \
di += ds - w/5*9; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl4_5_9(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i, t; uint p = f(si[0]); \
for (i = w/5; i > 0; i--, si += 5, di += 9) { \
di[0] = p_05 (p,f(si[0])); \
di[1] = f(si[0]); \
di[2] = p_025(f(si[0]),f(si[1])); \
di[3] = p_075(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[4] = p_025(f(si[1]),f(si[2])); \
di[5] = p_075(f(si[2]),f(si[3])); \
di[6] = f(si[3]); \
di[7] = p_05 (f(si[3]),f(si[4])); \
di[8] = p = f(si[4]); \
} \
di += ds - w/5*9; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
/* scale 1:2 integer scale */
#define h_upscale_nn_1_2(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/2; i > 0; i--, si += 2, di += 4) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[0]); \
di[2] = f(si[1]); \
di[3] = f(si[1]); \
} \
di += ds - w*2; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
#define h_upscale_bl2_1_2(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; uint p = f(si[0]); \
for (i = w/2; i > 0; i--, si += 2, di += 4) { \
di[0] = p_05 (p, f(si[0])); \
di[1] = f(si[0]); \
di[2] = p_05 (f(si[0]), f(si[1])); \
di[3] = p = f(si[1]); \
} \
di += ds - w*2; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
/* scale 1:1, copy */
#define h_copy(di,ds,si,ss,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = w/4; i > 0; i--, si += 4, di += 4) { \
di[0] = f(si[0]); \
di[1] = f(si[1]); \
di[2] = f(si[2]); \
di[3] = f(si[3]); \
} \
di += ds - w; \
si += ss - w; \
} while (0)
/*
scalers v:
224->240: - (14:15) (256/320x224 -> 320x240)
224->238: - (16:17) (256/320x224 -> 320x238 alt?)
144->240: - (3:5) (160x144 -> 320x240, GG)
144->216: - (2:3) (160x144 -> 288x216, GG alt?)
*/
#define v_mix(di,li,ri,w,p_mix,f) do { \
int i, t, u; (void)t, (void)u; \
for (i = 0; i < w; i += 4) { \
(di)[i ] = p_mix(f((li)[i ]), f((ri)[i ])); \
(di)[i+1] = p_mix(f((li)[i+1]), f((ri)[i+1])); \
(di)[i+2] = p_mix(f((li)[i+2]), f((ri)[i+2])); \
(di)[i+3] = p_mix(f((li)[i+3]), f((ri)[i+3])); \
} \
} while (0)
#define v_copy(di,ri,w,f) do { \
int i; \
for (i = 0; i < w; i += 4) { \
(di)[i ] = f((ri)[i ]); \
(di)[i+1] = f((ri)[i+1]); \
(di)[i+2] = f((ri)[i+2]); \
(di)[i+3] = f((ri)[i+3]); \
} \
} while (0)
/* 256x___ -> 320x___, H32/mode 4, PAR 5:4, for PAL DAR 4:3 (wrong for NTSC) */
void upscale_clut_nn_256_320x___(u8 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, int height);
void upscale_rgb_nn_256_320x___(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, int height, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_snn_256_320x___(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, int height, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl2_256_320x___(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, int height, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl4_256_320x___(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, int height, u16 *pal);
/* 256x224 -> 320x240, H32/mode 4, PAR 5:4, for NTSC DAR 4:3 (wrong for PAL) */
void upscale_clut_nn_256_320x224_240(u8 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss);
void upscale_rgb_nn_256_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_snn_256_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl2_256_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl4_256_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
/* 320x224 -> 320x240, PAR 1:1, for NTSC, DAR 4:3 (wrong for PAL) */
void upscale_clut_nn_320x224_240(u8 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss);
void upscale_rgb_nn_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_snn_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl2_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl4_320x224_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
/* 160x144 -> 320x240: GG, PAR 6:5, scaling to 320x240 for DAR 4:3 */
void upscale_clut_nn_160_320x144_240(u8 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss);
void upscale_rgb_nn_160_320x144_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_snn_160_320x144_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl2_160_320x144_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
void upscale_rgb_bl4_160_320x144_240(u16 *__restrict di, int ds, u8 *__restrict si, int ss, u16 *pal);
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